Pregnancy and allergies sometimes intersect fairly complicatedly - like, roughly 1 out of 5 pregnant women treat themselves for allergic symptoms like rhinitis, asthma, or skin issues. Allergies can be complex in pregnancy due to hormone changes and immune system changes - some allergies may get worse, some improve, and some may stay the same.
The one question many pregnant mothers want the answer to is the question: "Are allergies during pregnancy high-risk, or is it just a manageable condition?". The short answer is, if monitored, treated, and discussed in a healthy way, allergic conditions can be managed safely in pregnancy - with minimal risk to mom or baby.
We will discuss in this blog what the science says - what allergy issues are of more concern in pregnancy, which are mostly harmless, and how best to safely approach the two.
Are Allergies During Pregnancy Normal?
It is common for your body to have a response when something bad is in it. However, occasionally your immune system will have a more intense reaction to a substance in your environment, such as pollen grains or dust particles, which is called an allergy.
Allergies can be difficult to deal with, especially when you're pregnant, but don't worry: these allergies will not hurt the baby, even if you are sick.
Do Allergies Get Worse During Pregnancy?
Allergies can worsen during pregnancy due to changes in hormones and the immune system. Increased estrogen and progesterone can make the nasal passages swell and produce more mucus, contributing to congestion, sneezing, or a runny nose—sometimes called pregnancy rhinitis.
A pregnant woman's immune system also shifts to protect the baby during pregnancy, which can change a woman's body's response to allergens, such as dust, pollen, or animal dander.
However, changes to allergies and allergy symptoms are different for every woman. While some women might see allergies become worse, others might notice an improvement, and then others again don't notice a difference.
It's always a good idea to be mindful of your symptoms and talk to your doctor before taking any allergy medications while pregnant.
Signs & Symptoms of Allergies While Pregnant
The signs of allergies when you’re pregnant are the same as when you’re not pregnant. However, when you are expecting, dealing with allergies feels a little challenging. Here are the main signs that show you might be having a tough time with seasonal or indoor allergies during pregnancy
- Coughing
- Stuffy nose
- Wheezing
- Sneezing
- Headaches
- Itchy, watery eyes
- Sore throat
- Ears feeling itchy
- Rashes
Is a Stuffy Nose an Allergic Reaction?
It is quite obvious to relate a stuffy nose to allergies when pregnant. Every expecting mother should know that it is common to get a stuffy nose, especially around the second trimester, when the inside of your nose swells and softens, known as pregnancy rhinitis. It feels the same as a cold or an allergy.
It might also lead to nosebleeds or postnasal drip, making you cough or feel like gagging, especially at night. The good news is that this condition usually goes away after pregnancy.
But, How Do You Know If It Is An Allergy or Just Pregnancy Congestion?
If you have allergies, you might most probably get to see symptoms like—
- congestion,
- coughing,
- sneezing, and
- itchy eyes.
If you're not facing any such symptoms, it might be pregnancy-related congestion due to changes in hormones. However, if you are in doubt at any point, it is always a good idea to talk to your doctor.
Can I breastfeed if I take Allergy Medications?
In most cases, yes, you can breastfeed while using certain allergy medications, but it depends on which one you are taking. Antihistamines like loratadine (Claritin) and cetirizine (Zyrtec) are typically viewed as safe because they only transfer into breast milk in tiny amounts.
However, sedating antihistamines (like diphenhydramine (Benadryl)) can cause both mother and infant to become sleepy, so it is best to avoid them with regular use. Decongestants, such as pseudoephedrine, may affect milk supply.
Therefore, use caution and consider avoiding the medication. Whenever taking any medication while breastfeeding, whether it is a prescription or over the counter, check with your doctor and/or a lactation consultant to be sure it is safe for you and your breastfed baby.
Medication and Treatment for Allergic Reactions When Pregnant
Before taking any medications when you are pregnant, it's crucial to consult your doctor. Do not continue to take the old over-the-counter medications that you have been usually consuming for allergies before pregnancy. Your doctor should be the only one guiding you on any allergy treatments.
Here are some basic guidelines that you can follow—
- Antihistamines and plain Claritin are usually considered safe, but your doctor's advice is essential, especially in the first trimester, so do check with your healthcare provider.
- Avoid regular decongestants with Pseudoephedrine or Phenylephrine, especially in the first trimester. However, consult your doctor about the amount of dosage that's safe for you and your baby, as excessive use can affect blood flow to the placenta. If you've already taken these medications, do not forget to inform your doctor about the same.
- Nasal sprays with steroids are generally considered safe, but again, it is always better to consult your doctor for specific brands and dosages. Saline sprays and nasal strips are always okay. But, try avoiding nonsteroidal nasal sprays with oxymetazoline (like Afrin) unless your doctor gives a definite okay.
NOTE: None of the medications mentioned above is a consultation or medical advice of any sort. These are references and information inspired by credible sources. Always consult with your doctor before taking any medications.
Can I Get Allergy Shots When Pregnant?
Getting allergy shots is generally safe for pregnant women, but only if you were also getting them before you conceived. It's not recommended to start allergy shots during pregnancy. These shots can bring changes to your immune system, which is already going through ups and downs, and might lead to unexpected reactions.
How to Prevent Allergies During Pregnancy?
If you're worried about taking medication during pregnancy or just want natural ways to ease allergies, here are a few home remedies you can follow—
- Regularly dust and vacuum your home to get rid of dust particles and potential irritants.
- Always change into fresh and clean clothes whenever you get home to avoid breathing in allergens.
- Avoid being around smokers, as it can trigger your allergies.
- Try avoiding outdoor activities in the early morning when the pollen counts are the highest.
Final Thoughts
Handling allergies, especially while pregnant, might seem difficult, but there are certain simple tips that you can follow for relief, like staying inside to avoid inhaling dust particles, changing your clothes once you come back home, or using the right cleaning methods to keep your place tidy. These small changes in your daily routine can make a big difference.
If you are not sure about something or if allergies are bothering you during pregnancy, talk to your doctor immediately. They can help you with safe medications and other strategies to manage allergies that are safe for both you and your baby.
